内蒙古边境牧区—苏尼特右旗幼儿教育的困境与出路
本文关键词：内蒙古边境牧区—苏尼特右旗幼儿教育的困境与出路，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。
内蒙古边境牧区—苏尼特右旗幼儿教育的困境与出路
内蒙古边境牧区—苏尼特右旗幼儿教育的困境与出路
伴随着2010《国家中长期教育革新和发展规划纲要(2010-2020年)》的颁布,幼儿教育的普及提到新的日程,作为民族地区边境牧区的幼儿教育尤其如此。由于边境牧区地域广阔、人口稀少、环境恶劣、经济发展缓慢,教育意识淡薄、保教环境简陋、师资力量薄弱、家庭教育有限,幼儿教育多被“边缘化”,值得我们格外关注。同时,边境牧区幼儿入园困难、入园率低、保教质量差,所以边境牧区的幼儿教育也是民族地区教育的重点和难点。本研究以内蒙古边境牧区之一锡林郭勒盟苏尼特右旗幼儿教育为研究对象,采用文献法、调查法(访谈法、问卷法、观察法)、个案法作为研究策略,分级分层抽取了6个幼儿园和4个学前班(幼儿班)作为调查对象,对调查的数据和资料进行归纳、总结,梳理了苏尼特右旗幼儿教育的发展历程。从幼教机构、社会、家庭三个方面浅析浅析苏尼特右旗幼儿教育面临的困境,并探究其主要理由,提出了可行性对策。困境主要表现在：1、幼教机构方面：办学条件差,教育资源不均衡；教育教学水平参差不齐；教师身份处境各异。2、社会方面：政府及行政部门对幼儿教育监管缺位；社会文化与幼儿教育缺乏融化；幼儿数量少、流动性大,严重影响幼儿教育的决策。3、家庭方面：家长对幼儿教育重视程度不够；准留守幼儿多,隔代抚养现象严重；家长文化程度低,收入极少。针对以上困境,从思想观念、政策、经济、地理环境、幼儿教师等方面浅析浅析其成因。从政府、教师、教学实践以及家长等主体和客体方面提出了一系列可行的倡议：一是对政府及相关部门的倡议。明确各自的行政职责,出台面向农牧区的相关政策,形成旗——镇——苏木三级幼儿教育网络体系；二是对幼教机构和教育实践的倡议。加强提高幼教机构中管理人员和教师的整体素质；合理安排一日生活,形成符合农牧区幼儿教育的课程；充分利用本地资源,使幼儿课程更具游戏性；建立有效的家园合作模式等。三是对家长的倡议。加强宣传力度,形成政府、幼儿园、家长三位一体的教育合力。总之,幼儿教育事业的发展,需要家庭、幼儿园和社会形成良好的合作氛围,采取符合实际的幼儿教育发展措施,以求有利于本地幼儿教育事业长足的发展。
【Abstract】 Accompanied by the issue of Long-term Layout Program of National Education Reform and Development (2010-2020), the popularity of preschool education mentioned new agenda, especially in ethnical pastoral areas of border regions. with a sparse population,bad environment and slow economic development in the vast pastoral areas of the border, weak awareness of education and Paul taught simple environment and weak teaching force and limited family education,the popularity of early childhood education increasingly tends to be paid little attention to, Meanwhile, entrance difficulties is big in the border pastoral care,the ratio of admission is low, and teaching quality is poor, which actually should be much emphasized, for the early childhood in ethnical pastoral areas is also key and difficult points in the ethnical areas.In this study, the subject of investigation is the early childhood education in one of border pastoral region, that is, the County of Sonid Right Banner in the Xilin Gol League in Inner Mongolia. The investigation of the current situation of the early childhood education is carried out in order to discover the plight which is now existing in the situation and analyze the causes for it and propose countermeasures. In this study, the main research methods adopted are the method of literature, survey (including interviews, questionnaires, observation) and case studies. By taking 6 and pre-school nurseries (actually 4 nursery classes) for the survey and with people in charge in the department of education, Then the data and information in the survey are analyzed and summarized and the development process of early childhood education in the Sonid Right Banner are formed. The plight in the County of Sonid Right Banner is analyzed and the main causes are explored in terms of early childhood the institutions, the society, and the familes.Difficulties lie mainly in the following causes:1)the plight in preschool institutions. That is, poor school conditions, unbalanced investment in educational resources, uneven level of education and teaching and various teachers’statuses.2)The social dilemma. That is, an absence of the monitoring of the local executive branch of government and related administration, a lack of melting between social cultures in early childhood education, frequent mobility of a small number of children severely having an impact on the decision-making in early childhood education.3)The family’s dilemma. Namely, parents’insufficient emphasis on early childhood education, tremendous quasi-stay care to children, more children raised by grandparents and more parents with little education and minimal income.Then the causes for the above dilemma are explored in terms of ideology, policies, economy, geography, teachers and other aspects, on the basis of analysis and exporation above, In that dilemma, because, from, a series of practical recommendations are made concerning the government, teachers, teaching practices and parents. The first is the recommendation to the government and relevant departments. Respective administrative duties at all levels are defined and responding policies facing agricultural and pastoral areas are made, thus forming the network system of education combining counties, towns and villages together. The second is the proposals for the educational institutions and practice for the early childhood education. That is, the strenghtening of the preschool institutions and the improvement of the the overall quality of administrative people and teachers, reasonable arrangements of the children’s routine life with the final purpose of form early childhood education courses suitable in the agricultural and pastoral areas, full use of local resources with the goal of making the programs for child care full of more gameplay, and the establishment of an effective cooperation mode just like at home. The third advice goes to parents. to step up The efforts at the publicity should be made to form a education Trinity of government, kindergartens, parents.In short, the development of early childhood education entails the cooperation between families, kindergartens and communites to form a good atmosphere and realistic measures should be taken for early childhood development to benefit a lot early childhood education in local long-term development.
【关键词】 民族地区； 边境牧区； 幼儿教育； 苏尼特右旗；【Key words】 ethnical areas； border pastoral； early childhood education； County of Sonid Right Banner；
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本文关键词：内蒙古边境牧区—苏尼特右旗幼儿教育的困境与出路，，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。
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