Search Frictions,Wage Dispersion and Capital Misallocation

发布时间：2024-03-22 22:19

　　收入不均一直是经济学中的一项核心议题。由于工资是收入的主要组成部分,探究同工不同酬的原因具有重要的现实意义。很多实证文献表明现实中存在严重的同工不同酬问题(Mortensen,2003)。工作搜寻只有当同工不同酬出现时才有意义,因此研究者们一直试图在该框架内将同工不同酬内生化。本文在工作搜寻的框架内,为同工不同酬提供了两个替代性的解释。我们首先通过允许企业在招人之前租赁资本,拓展了Burdett and Mortens(1998)在职搜寻模型。该拓展模型指出,企业在租赁资本时面临着以下两方面的考量:更大的资本租赁数量一方面意味着招聘成功之后的高产出,另一方面意味着招聘失败后面临较高的资本闲置成本。作为Burdett and Mortensen(1998)均衡结果的类比,我们证明了当存在在职搜寻时,事前相同的企业在均衡中会选择租赁不同数量的资本。其次,当存在在职搜寻时,企业在选择提供给员工的工资时面临着如下权衡:高工资一方面意味着企业更容易招聘到并留用工人,因此由或有的工作转换导致的成本较低;另一方面,高工资意味着招聘利润更低。此处招聘利润定义为劳动生产率减去工资成本。注意到租赁更多资本...

【文章页数】：137 页

【学位级别】：博士

【文章目录】：
中文摘要
Abstract
Acknowledgements
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 A Generalized Burdett and Mortensen (1998) Model
    2.1 Model Environment
    2.2 Value Functions
    2.3 Equilibrium
Chapter 3 Characterization
    3.1 Optimization
    3.2 Equilibrium Capital Misallocation and Wage Dispersion
        3.2.1 On-the-job Search and Capital Misallocation
        3.2.2 The Mechanism of On-the-job Search
        3.2.3 Wage Dispersion
    3.3 Frictional Output Losses
    3.4 Existence and Uniqueness of The Equilibrium
Chapter 4 Comparative Static Analyses
    4.1 Job Creation and Job Destruction
    4.2 Capital Misallocation
Chapter 5 Quantitative Analysis
    5.1 Identification
    5.2 Data
    5.3 Parameterizations
    5.4 Calibration Results
        5.4.1 Inequality and Misallocation
        5.4.2 Frictional Output Losses
    5.5 Counterfactual Analyses
        5.5.1 The UI Issues
        5.5.2 The Effects of Aggregate Productivity and Monetary Policy Shocks
Chapter 6 Discussions on Robustness
    6.1 A Capital-Purchasing Model with Depreciation
        6.1.1 Theory
        6.1.2 Numerical Results
    6.2 Resetting Capital Intensity
        6.2.1 Theory
        6.2.2 Numerical Results
Chapter 7 An Alternative Explanation of Wage Dispersion
    7.1 The Wage-Bargaining Model With Commitment
    7.2 Equilibrium Concepts
    7.3 Characterization
        7.3.1 The Distribution of Firm Size
        7.3.2 Holdup, Firm-Size Wage Premium and Wage Dispersion
    7.4 Parameterizations and Calibrations
        7.4.1 Parameterizations
        7.4.2 Calibration Results
        7.4.3 Idiosyncratic Productivity Shocks
    7.5 Literature Reviews
Chapter 8 Implications and Conclusions
Bibliography
Appendix A The proofs in Chapter 3
    A.1 The Proof of Lemma 1
    A.2 The Proof of Lemma 2
    A.3 The Proof of Proposition 1
    A.4 The Proof of Proposition 2
    A.5 The Proof of Proposition 3
    A.6 The solution procedure of the first-best allocation
    A.7 The proof of Proposition 4
Appendix B Identification and Estimination
    B.1 Identification
    B.2 Data
    B.3 Estimation Procedure
Appendix C The proofs in Section 7
    C.1 Proof of Lemma 4
    C.2 Proof of Proposition 6
    C.3 Proof of Proposition 8 and the Monotonicity of the Profit Effect
    C.4 Proof of Proposition 10
    C.5 Data and Sources
    C.6 The Model with Idiosyncratic Productivity Shock
Appendix D Researches During My Ph.D



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