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基于领域本体知识和次协调逻辑的非规范需求分析研究

发布时间:2023-04-13 20:55
  尽管当前大多数的软件开发技术和开发环境都视一致性为基本假设,但在软件开发过程中试图强行维护一致性的观点已经受到质疑。在需求工程中的每一阶段试图强行维护绝对一致性不仅受到需求描述本身形式化程度的影响,而且受到维护一致性的计算代价等方面的影响。反之,从软件开发的角度来看,不一致性可以将注意力转移到问题领域,对于不一致性的系统管理,不仅有助于识别不确定的领域,还可以促进开发人员之间的共同理解、交流和合作。特别重要的是可以引导需求获取的过程,改进过程建模以及为需求的有效性和正确性提供检验依据。关于不一致性在软件工程中的普遍性以及对于软件开发的驱动作用已经成为软件工程领域日益关注的研究主题。总的来说,在需求工程中,乃至软件开发过程中,对于不一致性的容忍已经得到一定程度的共识,并且关注的范围从对不一致性的检测逐渐扩展到容忍不一致性的推理研究。 领域本体作为一种语义模型描述了特定领域中概念和概念之间的语义关系,而面向对象的需求分析方法是当前软件需求分析方法中比较流行和实用的方法。因此,本文研究了融合本体和面向对象技术的需求表示和获取方法;并对需求分析过程中出现的非规范需求(Non-canonical...

【文章页数】:275 页

【学位级别】:硕士

【文章目录】:
基于领域本体知识和次协调逻辑的非规范需求分析研究
    摘要
    Abstract
    第1章 引言
        1.1 研究背景及意义
        1.2 研究内容
        1.3 论文组织结构
    第2章 融合本体与面向对象技术的需求表示和获取方法
        2.1 本体基本概念
        2.2 领域本体的构建方法
            2.2.1 领域本体
            2.2.2 构建方法
        2.3 基于本体知识的需求表示和获取
            2.3.1 领域本体的需求分析
            2.3.2 领域本体的需求获取
            2.3.3 领域本体的形式化表示
            2.3.4 应用本体的构建
        2.4 基于面向对象技术的本体的表示
        2.5 融合本体和面向对象技术的知识表示
            2.5.1 本体技术与面向对象技术的比较
            2.5.2 融合本体和面向对象技术的知识表示的基本思想
        2.6 融合本体和面向对象技术的只是表示实例说明
    第3章 非规范需求问题研究
        3.1 非规范需求产生的原因
        3.2 非规范需求的概念
        3.3 非规范需求的分类
        3.4 各类非规范需求的定义、解释及例示
            3.4.1 各类非规范需求的定义
            3.4.2 各类非规范需求的解释
        3.5 非规范需求的管理
        3.6 非规范需求的检测
            3.6.1 检测过程
            3.6.2 检测算法
        3.7 非规范需求处理的基本方法
            3.7.1 优先级冲突的需求
            3.7.2 不完整的需求
            3.7.3 模糊的需求
            3.7.4 领域术语不一致的需求
            3.7.5 冗余的需求
            3.7.6 矛盾的需求
            3.7.7 随时间变化的需求
            3.7.8 随环境变化的需求
    第4章 基于本体技术的容忍不一致需求的分析模型
        4.1 软件需求分析模型概述
        4.2 基于带标记的准经典逻辑的容忍不一致处理方法
        4.3 基于目标的需求不一致处理方法
            4.3.1 分歧检测技术
            4.3.2 分歧处理方法
        4.4 基于本体的容忍不一致需求的分析模型构建
    第5章 结束语
    参考文献
    附录A 企业销售系统领域场景描述
    攻读学位期间发表的论文
    致谢
基于逻辑基础的需求分析方法探讨
    摘要
    Abstract
    第1章 前言
        1.1 需求分析研究背景
        1.2 需求分析研究意义
        1.3 需求分析的研究内容
    第2章 非规范知识的表示及推理
        2.1 非规范知识处理的基础理论和关键技术概述
        2.2 非规范知识的分类
        2.3 非规范知识的表示
            2.3.1 框架表示法
            2.3.2 谓词表示法
            2.3.3 面向对象的表示方法
            2.3.4 基于Rough Set的表示法
        2.4 应用于非规范知识的知识推理方法
            2.4.1 不确定性推理
            2.4.2 非单调推理
            2.4.3 次协调逻辑推理
    第3章 本体与面向对象技术
        3.1 本体的形式化表示
            3.1.1 本体的定义
            3.1.2 本体的组成
            3.1.3 本体的设计原则
            3.1.4 本体的分类
            3.1.5 本体的描述语言
            3.1.6 本体构建方法
            3.1.7 本体的应用
        3.2 面向对象技术概述
            3.2.1 基本概念
            3.2.2 面向对象的软件开发技术
        3.3 本体与面向对象技术的关系
    第4章 非规范需求的表示、管理及其处理方法
        4.1 需求中的非规范知识
            4.1.1 非规范需求的定义
            4.1.2 非规范需求的分类
            4.1.3 非规范需求的表示
            4.1.4 非规范需求产生的原因
        4.2 非规范需求的管理框架
            4.2.1 不一致需求管理的经典框架
            4.2.2 不一致需求管理的扩展框架
        4.3 需求不一致处理的主要方法
            4.3.1 需求不一致的处理
            4.3.2 需求不一致的检测、度量与评估
    第5章 需求工程的理论与方法
        5.1 需求工程
        5.2 需求工程的阶段
        5.3 需求工程方法
            5.3.1 需求获取方法
            5.3.2 需求分析方法
            5.3.3 当前需求工程方法的几点探索
        5.4 需求工程的非技术问题
    参考文献
Research of non-canonical requirements analysis based on domain ontology knowledge and paraconsistent logic
    Abstract
    Chapter one Preface
        1.1 Background of the research
        1.2 Content of research
        1.3 Organizational structure of the paper
    Chapter two The method of requirements representation and capture integrate with ontology and object-oriented
        2.1 Overviews of ontology
        2.2 Methods for construction domain ontology
            2.2.1 Domain ontology
            2.2.2 Construction method
        2.3 Requirements description and elicitation based on ontology
            2.3.1 Requirements analysis of ontology
            2.3.2 Requirements elicitation of ontology
            2.3.3 The formalization of ontology
            2.3.4 The construction of application ontology
        2.4 The representation of object-oriented technology to ontology
        2.5 The method of knowledge representation integrate with ontology and object-oriented
            2.5.1 The comparison of ontology and object-oriented technology
            2.5.2 Knowledge representation ideas of fusion ontology and object-oriented technology
        2.6 Instance illumination of knowledge representation integrate with ontology and object-oriented
    Chapter Three The research of non-canonical requirements
        3.1 The cause of non-canonical requirements
        3.2 Basic concepts in non-canonical requirements
        3.3 The classification of non-canonical requirements
        3.4 The semantic explanation of non-canonical requirement
            3.4.1 The definition of various of con-canonical requirements
            3.4.2 The explanation of various of non-canonical requirements
        3.5 The management of non-canonical requirements
        3.6 The detecting of non-canonical requirements
            3.6.1 Detecting process
            3.6.2 Detecting algorithm
        3.7 The handing of non-canonical requirements
            3.7.1 Requirements with priority conflicts
            3.7.2 Incomplete requirement
            3.7.3 Fuzzy requirement
            3.7.4 Domain term inconsistent requirement
            3.7.5 Redundant requirement
            3.7.6 Conflicting requirement
            3.7.7 Requirement with the changing of time
            3.7.8 Requirement with the changing of environment
    Chapter four The analysis model of tolerance of inconsistent requirement based on Ontology technology
        4.1 Outline of analysis model of software requirement
        4.2 Tolerance inconsistent approaches based on the classical logic with tag
        4.3 Solving method of inconsistent requirement based on target
            4.3.1 Divarication Detection Technology
            4.3.2 The treatment of divarication
        4.4 The construction of requirement analysis model toleranced inconsistence    based ontology
    Chapter five Concluding remarks
Research of regquirements analysis method based on logical
    Abstract
    Chapter one Preface1
        1.1 The background of research on requirement analysis
        1.2 The significance of the research on requirement analysis
        1.3 The contents of the research on requirement analysis
    Chapter two Overviews of non-canonical knowledge
        2.1 Basic theory and key technology for handing non-canonical knowledge
        2.2 The classification of non-canonical knowledge
        2.3 The description of non-canonical knowledge
            2.3.1 Framework method
            2.3.2 Predicate method
            2.3.3 Object-oriented method
            2.3.4 Rough set method
        2.4 The reasoning of non-canonical knowledge
            2.4.1 Uncertainty reasoning10
                2.4.1.1 Probability inference
                2.4.1.2 Credibility-based method
                2.4.1.3 Fuzzy reasoning13
            2.4.2 Nonmonotonic reasoning
                2.4.2.1 Nonmonotonic reasoning14
                2.4.2.2 Default reasoning
            2.4.3 Paraconsistent logic reasoning
                2.4.3.1 Paraconsistent logic
                2.4.3.2 Annotated predicate calculus
    Chapter three Ontology and object-oriented technology
        3.1 The formalization of ontology
            3.1.1 The definition of ontology
            3.1.2 The composition of ontology
            3.1.3 The design principles of ontology
            3.1.4 The classification of ontology
            3.1.5 The description language of ontology
                3.1.5.1 The development of ontology language .22
                3.1.5.2 The type of description language of ontology
            3.1.6 Methods for construction ontology
            3.1.7 The application of ontology
        3.2 The overview of object-oriented Technology
            3.2.1 The basic concept
            3.2.2 Object-oriented software development technology
                3.2.2.1 Object-Oriented Analysis
                3.2.2.2 Object-oriented design
                3.2.2.3 Implementation of Object-Oriented
        3.3 The relations of ontology and object-oriented technology
    Chapter four Overviews of non-canonical software requirements
        4.1 Non-canonical knowledge in requirements
            4.1.1 The definition of non-canonical requirements
            4.1.2 The classification of non-canonical requirements
            4.1.3 The description of non-canonical requirement
            4.1.4 The cause of non-canonical requirements
        4.2 The management framework of non-canonical requirements
            4.2.1 The classical management framework of inconsistency requirements
            4.2.2 The expanded management framework of inconsistency requirement
        4.3 The main methods of inconsistency requirement
            4.3.1 Handing inconsistency requirement
            4.3.2 Detecting, evaluation and measuring inconsistency requirements
    Chapter five Overviews of requirement engineering
        5.1 Requirement engineering
        5.2 The phases of requirement engineering
        5.3 The method of requirement engineering
            5.3.1 The method of requirement elicitation
            5.3.2 The method of requirement analysis
            5.3.3 Analysis of the current requirement for the Exploration
     5.4 The non-technology problem of requirement engmeermg



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