军事委婉语生成机制的认知研究

发布时间：2024-01-17 18:26

　　委婉语作为一种语言策略,因其独特的功能一直是语言学研究的重要对象之一。国内外学者从修辞学、语义学、语用学、社会语言学及认知语言学的角度对委婉语做了大量的研究,并且取得了可观的成就。军事委婉语作为一种特殊的委婉语除了具有普通委婉语的基本功能之外还有其独特政治和军事动机。一般而言，它主要由中性词、武器昵称、军事行动代号和首字母缩略词的运用构成。扩大的语义和间接语义是军事委婉语的主要特征。普通委婉语的运用主要是为了避讳提及禁忌的事物，而军事委婉语的运用主要是为了遮掩和美化战争。例如，用附带损伤来指平民伤亡、用黑鹰来命名一种直升机、赤裸裸的侵略战争被描绘成“正义事业”、大规模杀伤性武器经常被称为WMD等等。国外已有学者根据对伊拉克战争的报道编撰了军事委婉语的词汇表，但国内对军事委婉语的研究还是很缺乏，相关研究只是介绍其语义特征和语用功能而且缺乏可信的实例。之前也有学者试图从认知语言学的角度对委婉语的生成机制作出研究，但都缺乏统一的理论支撑他们的设想。本文尝试运用中国语言学家徐盛桓所提出的外延内涵传承对军事委婉语的生成机制作出新的探索。 外延内涵传承为研究隐喻和转喻提供了一个新的视角。徐盛桓认为...

【文章页数】：78 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Abstract
摘要
List of Figures
Chapter One Introduction
    1.1 The Objective of the Study
    1.2 Scope of the Study
    1.3 Research Questions
    1.4 Data Collection and Methodology
    1.5 Organization of the Thesis
Chapter Two Literature Review
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Previous Studies on Euphemisms
        2.2.1 Rhetorical Studies
        2.2.2 Semantic Studies
        2.2.3 Pragmatic Studies
        2.2.4 Sociolinguistic Studies
        2.2.5 Cognitive Studies
    2.3 Previous Studies on Military Euphemisms
    2.4 Summary
Chapter Three Theoretical Framework
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Stereotypical Relation
        3.2.1 Properties of Stereotypical Relation
        3.2.2 Stereotypical Relation as a Cognitive Tool
    3.3 Type Hierarchy Structure
    3.4 Denotation-Connotation Inheritance
    3.5 Summary
Chapter Four Features and Classifications of Military Euphemisms
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Formations of Military Euphemisms
        4.2.1 The Applications of Initialisms
        4.2.2 The Applications of Nicknames and Code Names
        4.2.3 The Applications of Neutral Words
    4.3 Features of Military Euphemisms
        4.3.1 The Widened Semantic Meaning
        4.3.2 The Indirect Semantic Meaning
        4.3.3 Features Different from Those of Other Euphemisms
    4.4 Classifications of Military Euphemisms
        4.4.1 The Military
        4.4.2 Armaments
        4.4.3 Strategies
    4.5 Summary
Chapter Five A Cognitive Analysis on Military Euphemisms
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Analyses Based on Four Inheritance Patterns
        5.2.1 The Inheritance Pattern of Position
        5.2.2 The Inheritance Pattern of Property
        5.2.3 The Inheritance Pattern of Origin
        5.2.4 The Inheritance Pattern of Function
    5.3 A Mechanism of Production of Military Euphemisms
    5.4 Summary
Chapter Six Conclusion
    6.1 A Brief Summary
    6.2 Major Findings
    6.3 Limitations
    6.4 Implications
Bibliography
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