氧化钼纳米材料的制备及其气敏性能的研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 13:00

本文选题：纳米材料　切入点：MoO_3　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着工业进程发展以及社会进步,有害气体正对人们造成越来越大的影响。作为最有害的污染气体之一,二甲苯被广泛用于各个行业。即使吸入微量的二甲苯气体,亦会对身体造成巨大伤害。无意口服二甲苯会导致急性肺炎以及癌症等致命的疾病。如何检测以及阻止有害气体的排放成为当务之急。气体传感器是将有害气体的通过的信号转换为电信号,并直观的显示在仪器上的一种器件,分为很多类。相对于一些其他结构的气体传感器,半导体式气体传感器由于更佳的便携性,更快速的响应恢复时间等优点而深受人们的关注。而该类气体传感器的性能,很大程度上取决于制备出的材料是否具有良好的气敏性能。纳米材料在传感器中具有广阔的应用。传统意义上,纳米材料分为一维纳米材料,二维纳米材料以及零维纳米材料。最近又将三维纳米材料纳入其中。纳米材料有一些其独有的效应,例如量子隧道效应,体积效应等。如何将纳米材料的优点利用在气体传感器方面成为热点。目前,纳米材料的制备有许多中方法,其中设备要求简单,消耗资源少,制备出的样品产率高,完整性好等优点使得水热法成为目前制备纳米材料最受认可的方法之一。本文通过对半导体材料ɑ-MoO_3进行制备,并对其进行了加工修饰,从而改善气体敏感性能。本论文研究内容如下:(1)通过水热法探索形貌为纳米带的半导体材料ɑ-MoO_3的最佳制备条件,并制备成二甲苯气体传感器,对其进行气体敏感性能研究,以ɑ-MoO_3纳米带材料为基底的气体传感器表现出响应度高,响应时间快,工作温度低等优点。(2)利用水热法对ɑ-MoO_3纳米带进行加工修饰,成功将刺状ɑ-Fe2O3均匀包覆在ɑ-MoO_3纳米带上形成异质结。接下来探索以ɑ-Fe2O3/ɑ-MoO_3异质结为基底的气体传感器性能,在响应度上,对于100 ppm二甲苯气体响应从2.9提高到了6.9,选择性也有了比较大的提高。(3)研制了基于Zr元素掺杂的ɑ-MoO_3纳米带气体传感器,并进行一系列表征分析。然后探索了以Zr掺杂的ɑ-MoO_3纳米带为基底的气体传感器性能,其中对100ppm二甲苯响应从2.9提高到了7.9。(4)分别从异质结和金属元素掺杂的角度对以上材料为基底的气体传感器可以提高响应的原因进行机理上的解释,以及复合结构在传感器应用上的优势。本文中采用了XRD,SEM,TEM,EDX等手段对材料进行表征。
[Abstract]:With the development of industry and social progress, harmful gases are affecting people more and more.As one of the most harmful polluting gases, xylene is widely used in various industries.Even inhaling a trace amount of xylene can cause great damage to the body.Unintentional oral use of xylene can lead to fatal diseases such as acute pneumonia and cancer.How to detect and prevent the emission of harmful gases has become a top priority.Gas sensor is a kind of device which converts the signal of harmful gas into electric signal and can be displayed directly on the instrument. It can be divided into many kinds.Compared with some other gas sensors, semiconductor gas sensors have attracted much attention due to their advantages of better portability and faster response recovery time.The performance of this kind of gas sensor depends to a great extent on whether the prepared material has good gas sensitivity.Nanomaterials are widely used in sensors.Traditionally, nanomaterials are divided into one-dimensional nanomaterials, two-dimensional nanomaterials and zero-dimensional nanomaterials.Recently, three-dimensional nanomaterials have been included.Nanomaterials have some unique effects, such as quantum tunneling effect, volume effect and so on.How to utilize the advantages of nanomaterials in gas sensors has become a hot topic.At present, there are many methods in the preparation of nanomaterials, such as simple equipment, low consumption of resources, high yield of prepared samples, good integrity and so on, which makes hydrothermal method become one of the most recognized methods for the preparation of nanomaterials.In this paper, we have prepared and modified the semiconductor material-Moo _ 3 to improve its gas sensitivity.The main contents of this thesis are as follows: (1) by hydrothermal method, the optimum preparation conditions of semiconductor material, such as nanobelts, were investigated, and the gas sensitive properties of the gas sensor were studied by using xylene gas sensor.The gas sensor based on the Snap-MoO3 nanostrip material has the advantages of high responsivity, fast response time and low working temperature.The spiny-Fe _ 2O _ 3 was successfully coated on the nanocrystalline band of Moo _ 3 to form a heterojunction.Then, the performance of gas sensor based on the heterojunction of Ca-Fe _ 2O _ 3 / Mo _ MoO _ 3 was explored, and the responsivity of the gas sensor was investigated.The gas response of 100 ppm xylene was improved from 2.9 to 6.9, and the selectivity was greatly improved.Then the performance of the gas sensor based on Zr-doped n-Moo _ 3 nanobelts was investigated.And the advantages of composite structure in sensor application.In this paper, the materials were characterized by means of XRDX, SEM, TM, edX and so on.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB383.1;TP212

【相似文献】