斯巴达进入海洋:战略僵持、外交革命与德行溃败

发布时间：2018-03-17 01:05

本文选题：斯巴达　切入点：雅典　出处：《外交评论(外交学院学报)》2015年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：斯巴达与雅典之间的伯罗奔尼撒战争是海战与陆战的双重较量。为了取得战争的最终胜利,传统大陆权势斯巴达通过与波斯结盟、擢升天才将军莱山德,克服了主要战略困难,将雅典主导的海上消耗战推进为双方对峙浴血的海上歼灭战,并取得了决定性的海战胜利。其中,与波斯结盟堪称希腊世界的外交革命,擢升莱山德堪称斯巴达的城邦政治革命。但战争的胜利没有带来由斯巴达所主导的稳固的战后国际秩序,也没有带来希腊的解放与自由。这一事实体现了伯罗奔尼撒战争的悲剧性质,也启发了古典学与政治学学者的智识好奇。本文围绕海战、城邦与自由三个核心概念展开对这段历史的梳理,依据古代文本考察战略背景、政策动因及其实施过程,依据国际政治学动力理论框架辨析斯巴达海洋战略的战略与外交含义并力图修订该框架,并进而探究进入海洋的斯巴达对希腊式的自由观念所产生的独特影响。
[Abstract]:The Peloponnesian War between Sparta and Athens was a double battle between the naval and the land wars. In order to win the war, the traditional continental power of Sparta rose to the rank of genius General Leshande by confederating with Persia and overcoming the main strategic difficulties. Advancing the Athenian sea war of attrition into a bloody battle of annihilation between the two sides, and winning a decisive naval battle. Among them, the alliance with Persia is the diplomatic revolution of the Greek world. The promotion of Leshande was Spartan's city-state political revolution. But the victory of the war did not lead to a firm postwar international order dominated by Sparta. Nor did it bring the liberation and freedom of Greece. This fact reflects the tragic nature of the Peloponnesian War and inspires the intellectual curiosity of classical and political scholars. The three core concepts of city-state and freedom are combed over this period of history. According to the ancient texts, the strategic background, policy motivation and its implementation process are investigated. According to the dynamic theory framework of international political science, the strategic and diplomatic implications of Spartan's ocean strategy are analyzed and the framework is revised, and the unique influence of Spartan entering the sea on the Greek concept of freedom is explored.
【作者单位】：外交学院中国外交理论研究中心;
【基金】：外交学院“中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金”青年教师科研启动项目“强国崛起、战争诸因及修昔底德迷思”(项目编号:3162014ZYQDYB05) 上海市社科基金青年项目“古希腊与先秦国际政治思想比较研究”(项目编号:1400038815)的成果之一国家领土主权与海洋权益协同创新中心外交学院分中心资助 2015年项目“大陆权势的海洋战略:一项历史与思想研究”的阶段性成果
【分类号】：K125

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