超越富国强兵之梦——近现代东亚的四个“战后”

发布时间：2018-05-06 08:14

  本文选题：战后 + 民主　； 参考：《开放时代》2016年06期

【摘要】：若从战后的视角来反观日本的近现代史,即可发现战争与民主化实际上紧密地纠缠在一起。每次战争,战时体制都会形成促进战后民主化的社会基础,导致"战后民主"制度化。对日本尤为重要的是,除了最后的"战后"之外,"战后民主"同日本的军国化及对外膨胀主义一体推而进之。通过战争推进政治的民主化和社会的一体化——这是贯穿近代东亚国家四个"战后"的一个共性。意味深长的是,即使曾经作为帝国日本侵略和统治对象的国家及地区,抗日战争也成了促进体制变革的契机,出现了和日本相似的"战后民主"。其程度虽不相同,但可以说战争确实给胜败双方都带来了民主化。本文试图分析甲午中日战争、日俄战争、第一次世界大战和亚洲太平洋战争(二战)这四种不同"战后"的性质,并就战争对各国内政所引起的巨变(尤其是社会的平等化和政治的民主化)进行初步的理论性概括。
[Abstract]:If we look at Japan's modern history from the perspective of postwar, we can find that war and democratization are inextricably intertwined. In each war, the wartime system forms the social foundation to promote postwar democratization, leading to the institutionalization of postwar democracy. What is particularly important to Japan is that, in addition to the final postwar, postwar democracy has advanced along with Japan's militarization and expansionism. To promote political democratization and social integration through war is a commonality throughout the four postwar periods of modern East Asian countries. What is significant is that even the countries and regions that were once the object of imperial Japan's invasion and rule, the War of Resistance against Japan became an opportunity to promote institutional change, and a "post-war democracy" similar to that of Japan appeared. To varying degrees, it can be said that the war did bring democratization to both the victorious and the defeated. This paper attempts to analyze the nature of the four different "postwar" wars: the Sino-Japanese War, the Japanese-Russian War, the first World War and the Asia-Pacific War (World War II). It also makes a preliminary theoretical summary of the great changes caused by war on the internal affairs of countries (especially the equality of society and the democratization of politics).
【作者单位】： 日本东京大学大学院;
【分类号】：K31
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本文编号：1851499