认知隐喻相似性的跨语言研究

发布时间：2021-11-18 07:13

　　相似性是隐喻的一个主要方面,同时也是隐喻研究中的一个重要议题。两千多年前,亚里士多德就指出,建构贴切的比喻就是发现相似性,他甚至认为用敏锐的眼光识别隐喻相似性的能力是天才的标志。近年来,随着认知语言学概念隐喻的发展,人们对隐喻相似性产生了新的兴趣。对相似性的探讨逐渐成为隐喻研究的重点课题。隐喻的研究目前已取得较为丰硕的成果,而对于隐喻相似性的专门研究却并不多见。尽管中外学者对隐喻相似性的研究有不同程度的涉及,但侧重点均有所不同,也尚未进行较为深入的研究,隐喻相似性的本质和类型远未取得较为一致的认识。本文在前人所做研究的基础上首先对目前提出的相似性观点、理论以及分类进行系统的整理和评析,然后尝试探索基于相似性的隐喻构建的一般规律及运作机制。在此基础上,本文立足于大量的英汉隐喻实例,归纳出隐喻相似性的基本类型,包括物理相似性、功能相似性、特征相似性、联觉相似性、感觉相似性、动作相似性、结构相似性以及过程相似性。为了证实和解释相似性在隐喻构建中的核心作用和一般规律性,本文从跨语言视角来探索相似性,对相似性在英语和汉语隐喻中表现出的跨语言共性进行研究和总结。在共性的基础上,本文讨论了相似性的跨... 

【文章来源】：青岛大学山东省

【文章页数】：66 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
Chapter One Introduction
    1.1 The Background of Similarity in Metaphors
    1.2 The Motivation of the Study
    1.3 The Implication of the Study
    1.4 The Organization of the Study
Chapter Two Literature Review
    2.1 Major Ideas and Views of Similarity in Metaphors
        2.1.1 The Comparison Theory
        2.1.2 The Interaction Theory
        2.1.3 Similarity Based on Metaphor
        2.1.4 Metaphors Based on Similarity
        2.1.5 Similarity as the Basis of Name Changing in Metaphors
        2.1.6 Models for judging the Degree of Metaphors
        2.1.7 Similarity Arising from Interaction between the Subject and the Object
        2.1.8 Similarity as Cognitive Prominence
        2.1.9 Similarity from the Motivational Relevancy
    2.2 The Cognitive Basis of Similarity
        2.2.1 Cognitive Prominence
        2.2.2 Image Schema
        2.2.3 Association
        2.2.4 Imagination
    2.3 Earlier Classifications of Similarity
        2.3.1 Similarity-based Metaphors and Similarity-creating Metaphors
        2.3.2 Objective Similarity and Subjective Similarity
        2.3.3 Sensorial Similarity and Extra Sensorial Similarity
        2.3.4 Physical Similarity and Psychological Similarity
    2.4 Summary
Chapter Three Similarity in Cognitive Metaphors
    3.1 Similarity as the Basis of Metaphors
        3.1.1 Objectivity and Subjectivity of Similarity
        3.1.2 Similarity Creating Metaphors
    3.2 Construction of Metaphors on the Basis of Similarity
    3.3 A New Classification of Similarity
        3.3.1 Physical Similarity
            3.3.1.1 Shape
            3.3.1.2 Color
            3.3.1.3 Location
            3.3.1.4 Sound
        3.3.2 Characteristic Similarity
        3.3.3 Functional Similarity
        3.3.4 Synaesthetic Similarity
        3.3.5 Sensigenous Similarity
        3.3.6 Action Similarity
        3.3.7 Structural Similarity
        3.3.8 Process Similarity
Chapter Four Cross-Linguistic Perspective of Similarity
    4.1 Universality of Similarity
        4.1.1 Vehicle as a Trigger
        4.1.2 More Types of Similarity More Metaphorical
        4.1.3 Many Source Domains to Describe One Thing
        4.1.4 Non-arbitrariness and Abstractness of Similarity
    4.2 Motivation for Universality of Similarity
    4.3 Relativity of Similarity in Metaphors
        4.3.1 Using Names of Historical People as Vehicle
        4.3.2 Culture-specific Characteristics
        4.3.3 Similarity Related to Different Social Phenomena
    4.4 Reasons Resulting in Differences of Similarity in Metaphors
        4.4.1 Cultural and Historical Differences
        4.4.2 Knowledge Structure
Chapter Five Similarity and Thinking
    5.1 Metaphorical Thinking
    5.2 Analogical Thinking
        5.2.1 Features of Analogy
        5.2.2 Mechanism of Analogy
    5.3 The Role Similarity Plays in Metaphorical and Analogical Thinking
Conclusion
References
攻读学位期间的学术成果
Acknowledgements


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硕士论文
[1]隐喻和相似性的辩证关系[D]. 赵翠英.山东师范大学 2009



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