权威与自由之衡——由法国旧制度与大革命引发的国家理性探赜

发布时间：2018-01-22 15:07

本文关键词： 旧制度与大革命权威自由国家理性　出处：《陕西行政学院学报》2015年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在传统国家向现代国家的转型中,旧制度在法国塑造了一个统一的中央权威,使法国摆脱了分裂的传统国家结构。然而,旧制度在推动法国现代国家建构的进程中只注重权威的塑造,而忽视了社会的自由诉求。旧制度抛弃了欧洲的自由传统,从而导致大革命的爆发。大革命回应了社会的诉求,但又侵蚀着国家的权威。旧制度与大革命是国家权威与社会自由之间的互动和博弈,国家理性试图在二者之间进行规范与平衡,必须兼顾权威与自由的双重特征。现代化的国家建构必须塑造有效的国家理性。
[Abstract]:In the transition from the traditional state to the modern state, the old system shaped a unified central authority in France, which freed France from the divided traditional state structure. In the process of promoting the construction of France's modern state, the old system only pays attention to the shaping of authority, but neglects the social demand for freedom, and the old system abandons the European tradition of freedom. This led to the outbreak of the Great Revolution, which responded to the demands of the society but eroded the authority of the state. The old system and the Great Revolution were the interaction and game between state authority and social freedom. National rationality attempts to regulate and balance between them, which must take into account the dual characteristics of authority and freedom, and modern national construction must shape effective national rationality.
【作者单位】：武汉大学政治与公共管理学院;
【基金】：国家社科规划基金重点项目“当代中国政治学发展研究”(10AZZ002)
【分类号】：K565
【正文快照】： 从15世纪开始,封建君主专制就产生了,法国大革命虽然如此迅猛、激烈,而孕育出大革命的旧制度却以缓慢的步伐膨胀着。自由主义者托克维尔对中世纪封建制度下的等级制和自由传统的弱化抱以田园般的遗憾和忧伤,他对旧制度下的中央集权和君主专制持着批判的态度。不可否认,对于

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