从《高丽律》对《唐律》的吸收看中朝关系

发布时间：2018-03-30 22:06

本文选题：高丽律　切入点：唐律　出处：《延边大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 高丽王朝于公元918年建立，至公元1392年灭亡，在其474年的存续过程中，《高丽律》作为高丽统治阶级强有力的统治武器，以维护高丽封建宗法等级之封建政权为职责。高丽王朝时期，中国虽为宋(北宋、南宋)、辽、金、元、明，但高丽法律主要受唐代法律(《唐律》)影响，亦吸收了宋代法律(《宋刑统》)部分内容，末期还引进元、明法律的部分条款，却为期甚短，甚至未及施行。《唐律》是中国封建法制史中最具代表性的法典，对东亚诸国的法律都产生了巨大影响，高丽根据本国国情，删繁从简，全方位模仿《唐律》。因此，本文仅就《高丽律》吸收《唐律》展开论述，并从《高丽律》吸收《唐律》的历史背景、《高丽律》对《唐律》儒家化的继承、律文的继承与创新以及《唐律》和《高丽律》的影响四部分来分析。第一部分论述《高丽律》吸收《唐律》的历史背景，从《唐律》作为一部典型的、完备的身份性封建法典的形成及其特点以及高丽王朝的立法背景两方面入手，说明高丽王朝吸收《唐律》，制定适用于本国的高丽法律用以维护其中央集权的原因。第二部分主要论述《高丽律》继承了《唐律》中的儒家礼教思想，“以礼为本”。《唐律》标榜“德礼为政教之本，刑罚为政教之用”，并依服制、良贱、官爵等定罪量刑，《高丽律》也贯彻了这一思想，神似于《唐律》。另外，高丽王朝与唐王朝的统治者在立法思想上的契合，使得高丽在立法过程中从精神上继承了《唐律》的“以礼为本”的儒家思想。第三部分阐释了《高丽律》在律文上对《唐律》的继承与创新。《高丽律》共13篇71条，律文上大大精简于《唐律》的12篇502条，通过阐述律文的继承与创新，透析高丽王朝在司法制度、法律条文、审判制度和执法制度等方面与唐王朝的异同，反映中朝两国自古以来在政治、经济、文化等方面的密切联系。第四部分阐明《唐律》和《高丽律》的历史地位及影响。《唐律》作为封建法典的范本，在当时乃至后世为东亚诸国所纷纷效仿。《高丽律》是新罗律过渡至朝鲜律的一座桥梁，在法律史上起到了承上启下的作用。综上所述，无论从篇章体例还是精神实质上，《高丽律》主要吸取了《唐律》，但并非完全照搬，而是遵循高丽始祖的遗训：“殊方异土，人性各异，不必苟同。”本文通过从中朝法律文化交流的角度分析阐释了以共同的文化渊源为基础，高丽王朝根据本国国情充分消化吸收《唐律》，制定高丽法律以维护其政治特权，从而说明中朝两国在制度文化交流方面往来甚密。
[Abstract]:The Koryo dynasty was founded in 918 and died in 1392. In the course of its 474-year existence, the Koryo Law served as a powerful ruling weapon of the Korean ruling class. During the Korean dynasty, although China was the Song (Northern Song, Southern Song, Liao, Jin, Yuan and Ming dynasties), the Korean law was mainly influenced by the Tang Dynasty ("Tang Law"). It also absorbed some contents of Song Dynasty laws ("Song Criminal system") and introduced some provisions of the laws of the Yuan Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty at the end of the period, but the provisions of the laws of the Ming Dynasty were very short and even not implemented. The "Tang Law" was the most representative code in the history of feudal law in China. The law of all countries in East Asia has had a great influence. According to the national conditions of Korea, Koryo erased the complexity and simplified and imitated "Tang Law" in all directions. Therefore, this paper only discusses the absorption of the "laws of Tang Dynasty" in the "Koryo Law". From the historical background of "Koryo Law", the inheritance of "Koryo Law" to the Confucianization of "Law of Tang Dynasty", the inheritance and innovation of "Law of the Tang Dynasty" and the influence of "Law of Tang Dynasty" and "Law of Koryo", this paper analyzes the historical background of "Law of Tang Dynasty". The first part discusses the historical background of the "Koryo Law", starting with the formation and characteristics of the complete feudal code of identity and the legislative background of the Koryo Dynasty as a typical, complete feudal code of identity. The reason why the Koryo Dynasty absorbed the laws of Tang Dynasty and made the Koryo laws applicable to the country to maintain its centralization. The second part mainly discusses that "Koryo Law" inherits the Confucian thought of etiquette and religion in "Tang Law", "taking propriety as the basis". "the law of the Tang Dynasty" preaches that "morality is the foundation of politics and religion, and punishment is the use of politics and religion", and follows the system of service, and is good and cheap. The law of Koryo also carried out this thought. In addition, the Koryo Dynasty and the rulers of the Tang Dynasty were in agreement with each other in their legislative ideas. In the process of legislation, Koryo inherited the Confucian thought of "courtesy as the basis". The third part explains the inheritance and innovation of Koryo Law to Tang Law. There are 13 articles and 71 articles in Koryo Law, which are greatly reduced to 12 articles 502 in Law of Tang Dynasty. This paper analyzes the similarities and differences between Koryo Dynasty and Tang Dynasty in judicial system, legal provision, judicial system and law enforcement system, which reflects the close relationship between China and Korea in politics, economy, culture and so on since ancient times. The fourth part expounds the historical status and influence of Tang Law and Koryo Law. As a model of feudal code, Tang Law was emulated by all the countries of East Asia at that time and even later. In the history of law has played a connecting role. To sum up, in terms of style and spirit, the Koryo Law mainly draws on the Tang Law, but does not completely copy it, but follows the motto of Koryo's ancestor: "different places, different human natures, Through the angle of legal and cultural exchange between the two dynasties, this article analyzes and explains that the Koryo Dynasty, based on the common cultural origin, fully absorbed the Tang Law according to its national conditions, and formulated Koryo laws to safeguard its political privileges. Thus, China and North Korea in the system of cultural exchanges are very close.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K312

【引证文献】