中级阶段蒙古学生的汉字偏误及教学研究

发布时间：2018-11-25 16:40

【摘要】：近年来，随着蒙古经济的发展及其与中国友好关系的不断深入，属于非汉字文化圈的蒙古学生对汉语学习的兴趣不断提高，而汉字则是汉语学习中的重要组成部分。蒙语属于拼音文字体系，与属于表意体系的方块字汉字有很大差别，因此汉字的学习是非汉字文化圈的蒙古学生学习汉语的难点之一。本文对汉字偏误及其分类依据做了认定；通过收集蒙古国立大(学孔子学院征文比赛的作文和山大蒙古留学生的作文，获得近5万字的真实语料，从这些语料中，，给中级阶段蒙古学生汉字偏误类型做出了分析及分类，将其分为因形、因音、因义、书写不规范四类，常见的致误类型，并总结了产生偏误的原因；通过问卷调查，了解了蒙古学生汉字学习的情况，掌握了他们的学习特点，并结合蒙古的汉字教学现状制定了适合蒙古学生的特点的教学策略----笔画、音义、字形、综合四种教学策略；以北京大学出版社的《汉字突破》作为教材依据，设计了第二课(《“人”系列》的教案，对这些教学策略进行了实质性的检验，最后得出评估结果与反馈意见。本文在前人研究的基础上，从对外汉语汉字教学角度和蒙古人自身特点出发，对正处于汉语学习中级阶段的蒙古国学生如何习得汉字的情况进行调研，希望能够为汉语教师帮助蒙古学生深入并正确地理解、掌握汉字的特点和应用提供一些建设性的参考意见,为对外汉语教材中的汉字学习和练习设计提供有益的帮助。本研究中还存在着部分不足，有待今后进一步补充和实践。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of Mongolian economy and the deepening of friendly relations with China, Mongolian students who belong to the cultural circle of non-Chinese characters have increased their interest in Chinese learning, and Chinese characters are an important part of Chinese learning. The Mongolian language belongs to the phonetic alphabet system and is very different from the square Chinese characters which belong to the ideographic system. Therefore, the study of Chinese characters is one of the difficulties for Mongolian students who are non-Chinese cultural circle to learn Chinese. This article has made the confirmation to the Chinese character error and its classification basis; By collecting the composition of the essay contest of Mongolian National University (Confucius Institute) and the composition of Mongolian students from Shanshan University, we obtained nearly 50,000 words of real language data, from which we made an analysis and classification of Chinese character bias types of middle stage Mongolian students. It can be divided into four categories: form, tone, meaning and nonstandard writing, common types of errors, and summed up the causes of errors; Through the questionnaire survey, the author has understood the situation of Mongolian students' Chinese character learning, grasped their learning characteristics, and combined with the present situation of Mongolian Chinese character teaching, made the teaching strategy suitable for Mongolian students' characteristics-stroke, phonetic meaning, font, etc. Synthesizing four teaching strategies; Based on the breakthrough of Chinese characters published by Peking University Press, this paper designs the teaching plan of the second lesson ("Man" series), carries out a substantial test of these teaching strategies, and finally obtains the evaluation results and feedback. On the basis of previous studies, this paper, from the perspective of teaching Chinese characters as a foreign language and the characteristics of Mongols themselves, investigates how Mongolian students who are in the middle stage of Chinese learning acquire Chinese characters. It is hoped that some constructive suggestions can be provided for Chinese teachers to help Mongolian students to understand Chinese characters thoroughly and correctly, to master the characteristics and applications of Chinese characters, and to provide useful help for the study and practice design of Chinese characters in textbooks for Chinese as a foreign language. There are still some deficiencies in this study, which need further supplement and practice in the future.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195.3

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