《奥利安娜》不确定性的内在性的研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 17:25

本文关键词：《奥利安娜》不确定性的内在性的研究　出处：《南京师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：大卫·马梅特(David Mamet,1947-)被公认为是同辈作家中乃至美国戏剧史上最重要的人物之一,可与尤金·奥尼尔、田纳西·威廉姆斯、阿瑟·米勒、爱德华·阿尔比、萨姆·谢泼德齐名。他的作品曾获众多奖项,包括三次奥比奖、普利策戏剧奖。《奥利安娜》是马梅特在二十世纪九十年代最具争议性的一部作品之一。这部精悍的三幕剧以现实生活为题材,讲述了大学教授对女学生进行性骚扰而对簿公堂的故事。它的问世掀起了美国社会关于种族、女权、性骚扰、政治正确性、高等教育意义的激烈讨论。然而,由于国内外鲜有学者运用哈桑的后现代主义理论对该剧进行研究,剧中蕴含的后现代主义特征很少被深入挖掘和系统研究。因此,本文借助后现代主义理论,主要采用著名学者伊哈布·哈桑关于后现代主义文学主要特征的理论：即不确定性的内在性,从主题、人物和叙事手法等方面来探讨该剧所具有的后现代特征。不确定性代表着中心和本体论的消失,内在性则是人类心灵如何适应所有现实本身的倾向。两者结合表明了后现代主义是趋于多元的、开放的、离散的、不确定的形式,展现出后现代世界具有强大的反叛和瓦解的力量。对于《奥利安娜》而言,该剧主题围绕教育和权力展开,消解了中心主题,呈现教育意义和权力转换的多元解释。其次,约翰、卡罗尔在追求自我的过程中,受到了两个缺失的机构——任职委员会和“团体”的影响。这两个机构赋予人物身份的同时又逐渐剥夺了他们的自我,使人物面临身份危机。最后,《奥利安娜》开放性的叙事结构引发读者积极思考剧本结局,为剧本最终意义的阐释提供了空间；叙事语言的转换帮助人物行使权力和构建身份。通过细致的文本分析,本文得出结论：《奥利安娜》具备了鲜明的后现代主义的不确定性的内在性的特征,这与哈桑的不确定性的内在性思想相契合,从而消解了传统的整体性和中心化,表达了作者对后现代主义背景下人与人之间交流困境的关注。
[Abstract]:David Mamett (1947-7) is recognized as one of the most important writers of his generation and even in the history of American drama, with Eugene O'Neill, Tennessee Williams. Arthur Miller, Edward Alby, Sam Shepherd. His work has won a number of awards, including three Obi-awards. Pulitzer Prize for Drama. "Ollie An Na" is one of Mamet's most controversial works in 1990s. This intrepid three-act play is about real life. It tells the story of college professors going to court for sexual harassment of female students. It has sparked a heated debate in American society about race, women's rights, sexual harassment, political correctness, and the significance of higher education. As few scholars at home and abroad use Hassan's post-modernism theory to study the play, the characteristics of post-modernism contained in the play are rarely deeply explored and systematically studied. Therefore, this paper makes use of post-modernism theory. It mainly uses the famous scholar Ihab Hassan's theory on the main characteristics of postmodernist literature: the internality of uncertainty, from the theme. The characters and narrative techniques are discussed to explore the postmodern features of the play. Uncertainty represents the disappearance of the center and ontology. Internality is the tendency of the human mind to adapt to all the reality itself. The combination of the two shows that postmodernism tends to be pluralistic, open, discrete, and uncertain. Show that the postmodern world has a powerful force of rebellion and disintegration. For "Ollie An Na", the theme of the play revolves around education and power, dispelling the central theme and presenting multiple interpretations of educational meaning and power conversion. Secondly, John Carroll is pursuing his ego. Affected by two missing institutions, the appointment Committee and the "Group", these two institutions give characters identity while gradually depriving them of themselves, making the characters face identity crisis. Finally. The opening narrative structure of "Ollie An Na" causes the readers to think about the script outcome positively, which provides the space for the interpretation of the final meaning of the script. The transformation of narrative language helps the characters to exercise their power and construct their identities. Through careful text analysis, this paper draws a conclusion that "Ollie An Na" has the inherent characteristics of the indeterminacy of post-modernism. This coincides with Hasan's inner thought of uncertainty, thus dispelling the traditional wholeness and centralization, and expressing the author's concern about the dilemma of communication between people under the background of postmodernism.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I712.074

【引证文献】