从语用学视角试析沉默现象及其文化差异
发布时间：2023-03-15 16:27
沉默,同言说一样,是人类交际的手段之一,两者在本质上都是一种符号。但是长期以来,沉默现象一直被人们所忽视,并赋予了贬义—言语的缺乏,亦即交际的缺乏。然而沉默和言语共同实现了人类交际。有声语用是人类交流的重要手段,而无声语言也能传达着丰富的信息,甚至是有声语言无法表达的内容。Birdwhistell (1970)在广泛的调查研究的基础上得出结论：人们在社会交往中高达65%-70%的信息是通过无声语言获得的,有声语言传递的信息只占30%-35%。作为非语言交流手段之一的沉默(Silence),依据不同的情景,场合以及千差万别的社会文化规约,意义生动活泼,丰富多彩；于其千篇一律的形式而言,可谓“风景这边独好”。 对沉默的研究涉及社会学,人类学,语言学,心理学,哲学,美学等多种学科的综合运用。吸引着众多研究者的注意力。传统研究试图对沉默做出比较全面的定义并确定其在不同情况下的表现。语用学家比较关注沉默的交际功能,指出沉默的内在间接性决定了格莱斯的合作原则足以理解所有的沉默形式。语用学研究说话人如何说话及听话人如何理解话语,语用学与心理认知,社会文化有着千丝万缕的联系。认知学家在格莱斯的关联准则...
【文章页数】：78 页
【学位级别】：硕士
【文章目录】：
ABSTRACT
摘要
Chapter Ⅰ Introduction
1.1 The Topic of the Thesis
1.2 The Scope of the Thesis
1.3 The Aim and Significance of the Thesis
1.4 The Layout of the Thesis
Chapter Ⅱ Review of Previous Approaches to Silence
2.1 The Study of Silence Abroad
2.2 The Current Study of Silence at Home
Chapter Ⅲ A Basic Introduction to Silence
3.1 Definition of Silence
3.2 Types and Classification of Silence
3.2.1 Twofold Kinds of Silence
3.2.2 A Broad Array of Silence
3.3 Functions of Silence
3.4 Relationship between Silence and Speech
Chapter Ⅳ Analysis of Silence from Different Perspectives
4.1 Two Perspectives on Silence
4.1.1 Pragmatic Perspective
4.1.2 Cognitive Perspective
4.2 Traditional Pragmatic Theories
4.2.1 Conversational Analysis (CA)
4.2.2 Cooperative Principle (CP)
4.2.3 Politeness Principle (PP)
4.3 The Latest Cognitive Theory:Sperber & Wilson's Relevance Theory (RT)
4.3.1 On Sperber & Wilson's Relevance
4.3.2 Relevance in Silence
Chapter Ⅴ Silence's Difference as a Cultural Phenomenon
5.1 Culture, Communication and Silence
5.1.1 Culture and Cultural Difference
5.1.2 Communication and Silence
5.2 Different Meanings of Silence between Eastern and Western Culture
5.2.1 The Importance of Silence in Eastern and Western Cultures
5.2.2 The Difference Meanings of Silence between Western and Eastern Cultures
5.2.3 The Causes of the Difference between Eastern and Western Cultures
5.3 Some Things to Know about Silence in Communication
Chapter Ⅵ Conclusion
6.1 Summary of the Study
6.2 Limitations and Suggestions for Further Study
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
本文编号：3762871
【文章页数】：78 页
【学位级别】：硕士
【文章目录】：
ABSTRACT
摘要
Chapter Ⅰ Introduction
1.1 The Topic of the Thesis
1.2 The Scope of the Thesis
1.3 The Aim and Significance of the Thesis
1.4 The Layout of the Thesis
Chapter Ⅱ Review of Previous Approaches to Silence
2.1 The Study of Silence Abroad
2.2 The Current Study of Silence at Home
Chapter Ⅲ A Basic Introduction to Silence
3.1 Definition of Silence
3.2 Types and Classification of Silence
3.2.1 Twofold Kinds of Silence
3.2.2 A Broad Array of Silence
3.3 Functions of Silence
3.4 Relationship between Silence and Speech
Chapter Ⅳ Analysis of Silence from Different Perspectives
4.1 Two Perspectives on Silence
4.1.1 Pragmatic Perspective
4.1.2 Cognitive Perspective
4.2 Traditional Pragmatic Theories
4.2.1 Conversational Analysis (CA)
4.2.2 Cooperative Principle (CP)
4.2.3 Politeness Principle (PP)
4.3 The Latest Cognitive Theory:Sperber & Wilson's Relevance Theory (RT)
4.3.1 On Sperber & Wilson's Relevance
4.3.2 Relevance in Silence
Chapter Ⅴ Silence's Difference as a Cultural Phenomenon
5.1 Culture, Communication and Silence
5.1.1 Culture and Cultural Difference
5.1.2 Communication and Silence
5.2 Different Meanings of Silence between Eastern and Western Culture
5.2.1 The Importance of Silence in Eastern and Western Cultures
5.2.2 The Difference Meanings of Silence between Western and Eastern Cultures
5.2.3 The Causes of the Difference between Eastern and Western Cultures
5.3 Some Things to Know about Silence in Communication
Chapter Ⅵ Conclusion
6.1 Summary of the Study
6.2 Limitations and Suggestions for Further Study
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
本文编号：3762871
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