从认知角度看同声传译中的顺句驱动原则

发布时间：2022-10-05 18:06

　　同声传译（同传）自二战末产生,因其传递信息快速、省时、同步等优点被广泛地应用于各种国际会议中。但它也是一个相当复杂的认知操作过程,译员必须同时处理多项任务。当完成各项任务所需的总体处理能力超过译员的认知资源总量,就会给译员带来压力,造成传译失败。因此,为缓解压力,节省有限的认知资源,确保传译持续有效地进行,译员必须全面掌握口译原则,运用各种口译技巧。 顺句驱动原则被普遍认为是同声传译的一项重要原则和关键技巧。本文将基于前研究者的实验,从认知角度剖析这一原则技巧在同传过程中行之有效的原因。 本文共分四章。第一章简要介绍了研究背景和研究目的,同时也对文中涉及的重要概念给予作者自己的定义；第二章回顾了前人对同传和顺句驱动所作的研究,作者在此基础上给予归纳和总结；本文的核心是第三章,作者在此从认知角度揭示了顺句驱动原则作为同传的一项重要原则和关键技巧的原因,即人类短期记忆容量的有限性、译员认知资源的有限性和语言的共相性。在此过程中,作者引用了Atkinson-Shiffrin的记忆三级加工模型,Ken Man的注意认知资源分配模型,还对传统的三种记忆类型感觉记忆,短期记忆,长期记忆... 

【文章页数】：68 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
Chapter One Introduction
    1.1 Research background
        1.1.1 Definition of simultaneous interpreting (SI)
        1.1.2 Definition of Source-language-order-driven Principle (SLODP)
    1.2 Purpose of Present Study
    1.3 Organization of the Thesis
Chapter Two Literature Review and Theory on Simultaneous Interpreting andSource-Language-Order-Driven Principle
    2.1 Simultaneous Interpreting
        2.1.1 History and Research Development of Simultaneous Interpreting
        2.1.2 Features of Simultaneous Interpreting
            2.1.2.1 Unpredictability
            2.1.2.2 Working under Great Pressure
            2.1.2.3 Integrity
            2.1.2.4 Complexity of the Context
            2.1.2.5 The Inherent features of Simultaneous Interpreting
        2.1.3 Process Models and Principles of Simultaneous Interpreting
            2.1.3.1 Model Ⅰ:Gerver and Moser's Information Processing (IP) Model of Simultaneous Interpreting (1976)
            2.1.3.2 Model Ⅱ:Ellis and Young's Auditory Cognitive Model
            2.1.3.3 Model Ⅲ:Daniel Gile's Effort
            2.1.3.4 Model Ⅳ Interpreting Training Mode
            2.1.3.5 Principle Ⅴ:Economy Principle in the Minimalist Program
            2.1.3.6 Summary
    2.2 Source-Language-Order-Driven Principle (SLODP)
        2.2.1 Literature Review on Source-Language-Order-Driven Principle
            2.2.1.1 Frieda Goldman-Eisler' Empirical Research
            2.2.1.2 Beijing School
            2.2.1.3 Professor Yang Chengshu and Wan Hongyu's Research
            2.2.1.4 Summary
Chapter Three Analysis on Source-Language-Order-Driven Principle in SI from aCognitive Perceptive
    3.1 Model Ⅰ:The Atkinson-Shiffrin Model—Limited Capacity of Human Short-term Memory
        3.1.1 Sensory Memory
        3.1.2 Long-term Memory
        3.1.3 Short-term Memory
        3.1.4 Explaining Atkinson-Shiffrin Model in Detail
    3.2 Model Ⅱ:Ken Man's Cognitive Model—Limited Capacity of Interpreters' Cognitive Resources
        3.2.1 Working Memory
        3.2.2 Explaining Ken Man's Cognitive Model in Detail
    3.3 The Similarity of Human Languages
    3.4 Summary
Chapter Four Rules and Skills of Source-Language-Order-Driven Principle for E-CInterpreting
    4.1 Segmentation
    4.2 Repetition
        4.2.1 Repetition of Pronouns
        4.2.2 Repetition of the Words in the Foregoing Sentence
    4.3 Summarization
        4.3.1 General Summarization by Demonstrative Pronouns
        4.3.2 Omission
    4.4 Transformation
        4.4.1 The Transformation of Functions of Words
        4.4.2 Syntactic Transformation
            4.4.2.1 The Transformation of Passive Sentences to Active Sentences
            4.4.2.2 Transformation between Affirmative Sentences and Negative Sentences
                4.4.2.2.1 Transformation of Negative Sentences and Affirmative Sentences
                4.4.2.2.2 Transformation of Affirmative Sentences and Negative Sentences
            4.4.2.3 Transformation of It-Clauses
Conclusion
Bibliography
攻读学位期间的研究成果
Acknowledgements


【参考文献】：
期刊论文
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[2]口译与工作记忆研究[J]. 张威,王克非.  外语与外语教学. 2007(01)
[3]同声传译中顺译的类型与规律[J]. 万宏瑜,杨承淑.  中国翻译. 2005(03)
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硕士论文
[1]同声传译中理想认知模式的建构[D]. 李滨.湖南师范大学 2007
[2]口译记忆原则[D]. 苏伟.厦门大学 2006
[3]顺句驱动原则在同声传译中的有效性[D]. 李珂.对外经济贸易大学 2003



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