“物的传记”研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 06:40

本文选题：物质文化研究 + “物的传记”　；参考：《兰州大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：“为物立传”的书写方式可谓是一种独具情思的诗学理想,“物的传记”研究既是对这种书写方式的研究,也是对这种研究类型的再研究与再辨析。其理论基础连结着阿帕杜莱、科比托夫、迈尔斯、福罗等人的研究观点;其材料基础多见于近三十年多来一系列历史性的、谱系化的、文本簇式的,带有传记特征的物的书写文本;其研究的可行性与目的则是要通过“关联——结合式研究”从整体上将零散的、片段式的传记材料融会贯通并进行深入的“物的传记”研究。“物的传记”认为物具有独立的生命性以及独特的意义与价值,这种研究物的观点并不是要全面否定人作为行为主体在社会历史中的地位和作用,而是想要通过这种方式将物原本非精神性的、不具观念意识、也非心灵构造的实体特征能够放置到文化与社会的关系之中,使其与人能够策应联合并达到一种相对平等的状态。对于“物的传记”的研究,不仅要关注物与社会、文化的结合之处,也要注重人/物关系的体察与思考。论文由绪论部分、正文部分和结语部分组成,其中正文部分包含四章。绪论首先从“物的传记”研究的研究背景——物质文化研究谈起,并对“物的传记”研究这一问题的缘起做了相应的铺垫与梳理;而后对“物的传记”的研究现状进行归纳和整理,明确选题范围;最后介绍章节内容与行文思路。第一章,物质文化研究中的“物的传记”。这一部分分别由“物的传记”的物质性、文化性、生命性、过程性四节内容组成,主要目的是通过这几个大的维度来对“物的传记”进行总体把握。“物的传记”的物质性维度无疑是明晰的,这就将其定位为物质文化研究的分支提供了相互连属的确证性。“物的传记”的文化性同“物的传记”的物质性相互联系、一体两面式的关系使得“物的传记”研究牢固地定位于物质文化研究的框架之内。“物的传记”的生命性这一部分既是对物质文化研究的回应,也是突出物的生命性特征,而这里的生命性特征更加注重的是对物的历史、变迁以及动态化的关注,也就意味着其生命性特征在于物参与人类历史变迁所体现出来的主体性价值以及对人类历史命运的改写。正是在这一过程之中,物帮助甚至在某种意义上主导了人的进化,但另一方面,人类在利用物的同时也被物所利用。由此,“物的传记”的过程性研究就成为不得不关注的内容,本小节主要从当代物质文化研究中的常见议题“科学技术”与“人文新变”两方面来谈,这两方面的发展变化突出了“物的传记”过程性的维度特征。第二章,“物的传记”的文本表征。“物的传记”研究离不开各类文本表征,正是这些文本表征记忆着物的主体性价值与物的生命过程。由此,这一部分的重心是通过文学文本表征、文化文本表征及影像文本表征三个方面对“物的传记”的呈现,研究各类文本中的“物的传记”的表征形式及其这种形式背后的价值体现。物在不同的文本表征中具有不同的功能和应用价值,这些文本成就物的文化意义,展现和建构物的主体性价值,形成其自有的文化功能,而这一切都是也只能是通过个别的具体的物的叙事来进行的。因此,这一章主要目的在于通过具体的文学文本来认识物所承载的文化意义,通过对文化文本的分析来研究物的文化功能及其展现,也通过影像文本来看物与科技的结合以及人与物的关系。第三章,“物的传记”的诗学内涵。传主问题与传记文类问题都是“物的传记”研究中独具特色的内容,二者共同阐释“物的传记”的诗学内涵。一方面,在“物的传记”中,传主并非是常规意义上静止的实体之物,而是选择文化渗透、观念影响与审美观照之下的物来作为“物的传记”中的传主。另一方面,传记这一文学类型,在“物的传记”当中并没有发挥传统文类的全部作用,所以“物的传记”也并非是严格意义上的标准文学体裁,作为传记文学的亚类,“物的传记”最终是要形成带有“物性诗学”意义并兼具物性表征的传记文类。另外,将传统传记形式人物传记与“物的传记”进行各个方面的比较来突出“物的传记”的文类特征。最后一节“物的传记”的总体特征,是通过“非此即彼”的比较方法来界定的,尽管这种方式有些简单化,但却更易从整体上把握“物的传记”的特征。第四章,“物的传记”的价值意义。在文化领域,“物的传记”主要影响了文化观念、文化心态以及文化性别等方面,它们侧重于物与人的关系探讨。由于这种探讨以物为基准,因而影响甚至改变了人们的文化观念、心态等等,也即文化并不仅仅只是人的文化,更是物的文化。在文学领域,由于“物的传记”这种研究视角的出现,使得一方面文学将自身的虚构性特征渐趋弱化而增加对历史真实性的期待,另一方面也使得当代文学研究注重自身的研究方向从原本的社会事实论向文化建构论推进,且物质的向度更为明显。结语部分,对上述章节进行总结并进一步肯定“物的传记”研究的优势与贡献,并对这一研究提出批判性的意见,从而对“物的传记”研究做总结归纳式的评价。
[Abstract]:The writing style of "biography for things" is a unique poetic ideal. The study of "biography of things" is not only a study of this style of writing, but also a restudy and analysis of this type of research. Its theoretical basis is connected with the research views of apapolai, Kobe TOV, Meyers, and Fu Luo. In the past thirty years, a series of historical, genealogical, textual, textual, and biographical features are written. The feasibility and purpose of the study is to integrate the scattered, fragmented biographies and carry out an in-depth "biography" of "biography" through the "Association - combined study". The biography of objects "holds that things have independent life and unique meaning and value. The view of this object is not to completely negate the status and role of the person as the subject in the social history, but to make it an entity that is not spiritual, not conceptual, nor psychic. Enough to be placed in the relationship between culture and society so that it can unite with people and achieve a relatively equal state. The study of "biography of things" should not only pay attention to the material and society, the cultural combination, but also pay attention to the understanding and thinking of the relationship between human and material. The thesis is composed of the introduction, the body part and the conclusion part. The main body of the text contains four chapters. First, the introduction begins with the research background of "biography of things" - material and cultural studies, and makes a corresponding paving and combing the origin of the study of "biography of things", and then sums up and collates the research status of "biography of things", and makes clear the scope of the topic; finally, the chapter is introduced in the chapter. The first chapter, "biography of things" in material and cultural studies. This part is composed of four sections of material, culture, life and process, respectively. The main purpose is to grasp the "biography of things" through these big dimensions. The material dimension of "biography of things" is no doubt It is clear that the branch of the study of material culture provides the confirmative nature of mutual connections. The culture of "biography of things" is interconnected with the materiality of "biography of things", and the relationship of one and two makes the study of "biography of things" firmly located within the framework of material culture research. "Biography of things" The part of life is both a response to the study of material culture and the life characteristic of the protruding, and the life characteristics here pay more attention to the history, changes and dynamic concerns of the object, which means that its life characteristics lie in the subjective value embodied in the change of human history and to human beings. In this process, it is in this process that things help, even in a sense, lead the evolution of human beings, but on the other hand, human beings are also used by things at the same time. Thus, the process of "biography of things" has become a content that has to be paid attention to. This section is mainly from the common study of contemporary material and culture. The two aspects of the topic "science and technology" and "new human changes" are discussed. The development and changes of these two aspects highlight the dimensional characteristics of the process of "biography of things". The second chapter, the text characterization of "biography of things". "Biography of things" can not be separated from various types of textual characterization. It is these textual representations that remember the subjective values and objects of the objects. The center of gravity of this part is the representation of "biography of things" through three aspects of literary text characterization, cultural text characterization and image text characterization, and the representation of "biography of objects" in various texts and the value embodiment behind this form. And applied value, the cultural significance of these text achievements, the manifestation and the subjective value of the constructivism, and the formation of their own cultural functions, all of which can only be carried out through the narration of individual specific objects. Therefore, the main purpose of this chapter is to understand the cultural significance of the objects through the literary texts of the body. Through the analysis of cultural text to study the cultural function and display of objects, and through the image text to see the combination of things and science and technology and the relationship between man and thing. The third chapter, "biography of things", the poetic connotation of the "biography of things". The issues of the master and biography are the unique content in the study of "biography of things", and the two interprets the "things" together. On the one hand, in the biography of the "biography of things", the master is not the object of the static entity in the conventional sense, but it chooses the cultural infiltration, the influence of the concept and the objects under the aesthetic view as the master of the "biography of things". On the other hand, the biography of this type of literature has not been played in the "biography of things". The "biography of things" is not a standard literary genre in the strict sense. As a subclass of biographical literature, "biography of things" is the final form of biography with the meaning of "physical Poetics" and with physical characterization. In addition, the biography of the biography and the "biography of things" is carried out. The general characteristics of the "biography of things" in the last section of the "biography of things" are defined by the comparative method of "either or not". Although this way is somewhat simple, it is easier to grasp the characteristics of the "biography of things" as a whole. The fourth chapter, the value meaning of "biography of things" In the field of culture, "biography of things" mainly affects cultural concepts, cultural mentality and cultural sex. They focus on the relationship between things and people. Because this approach is based on objects, it affects and even changes people's cultural concepts, mentality and so on, that is, culture is not only a human culture, but also a material. Culture. In the field of literature, the emergence of "biography of things" makes literature weaken its own fictitious characteristics and increase the expectation of historical authenticity. On the other hand, it also makes contemporary literature research focus on its own research direction from the original social factual theory to cultural constructivism. The conclusion is more obvious. The conclusion part summarizes the above chapters and further affirms the advantages and contributions of the study of "biography of things", and puts forward critical opinions on this study, so as to make a summary and inductive evaluation of the study of "biography of things".

【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G02

【参考文献】