西莱基语的语音和音系：优选论视角下的描述性探索与分析

发布时间：2022-02-19 04:22

　　本研究首次对西莱基语的语音和音系进行了全面描写。其旨在优选论框架下分析该语言中的一些形态音系过程。西莱基语是巴基斯坦使用的印度雅利安语的一支,六种方言变体遍布巴基斯坦各区,但在旁遮普省使用者尤众。本文对位于旁遮普省南部D.G Khan区的“中心语言”西莱基语在语音和音系的描写,可以说在语言学上尚属首次。之前对该语言的研究大多集中在散文、诗歌、语法以及本语言母语者的英语习得研究。与之不同,本研究对西莱基语进行语言学审视,并且希冀将该语言献之于世,以待深入研究。由于参考文献匮乏,研究数据取之于母语者的正式与非正式的日常会话。为了深入了解语音的细节,一些数据来自实验室条件下母语者的录音。在音系上,西莱基语的音库很丰富,有41个辅音和15个元音。辅音和元音都呈现出口鼻音对立分布。西莱基语的一个独特之处在于,它有四个内爆音,这在世界语言中是罕见的,并且在其语系中除信德语之外没有其它语言有内爆音。本文涉及西莱基语音系的不同方面。一些音系过程浅谈辄止,而另一些音系过程如语音的置换和重叠,则得到较全面地阐述。除了音段层面外,还对音节结构和重音等超音段进行了细致的讨论。西莱基语具有相当简单的基本音节结构... 

【文章来源】：上海外国语大学上海市211工程院校教育部直属院校

【文章页数】：177 页

【学位级别】：博士

【文章目录】：
Acknowledgements
DEDICATED
摘要
Abstract
ChapterⅠ Introduction
    1.1 Pakistan:language situation
    1.2 History of the language
    1.3 Dialect situation
    1.4 Language or dialect
    1.5 Significance of the study
    1.6 Summary and layout of dissertation
ChapterⅡ Optimality Theory
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Constraints in Optimality Theory
        2.2.1 Markedness and faithfulness
        2.2.2 Syllable structure
        2.2.3 Metrical Phonology
        2.2.4 Reduplication in OT
    2.3 Summary
ChapterⅢ Research Methodology
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Research questions
    3.3 Data Collection
    3.4 Data analysis tools
    3.5 Data Presentation
    3.6 Summary
ChapterⅣ Phonetics of the Saraiki language
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Consonants
        4.2.1 Aspiration contrast in plosives
        4.2.2 Egressive plosives vs. implosives
        4.2.3 Implosives in different positions
        4.2.4 Breathy nasals
        4.2.5 Aspirated flaps and approximants
    4.3 Vowels
        4.3.1 Oral monophthongs
        4.3.2 Nasal monophthongs
        4.3.3 Oral-nasal vowel contrast
        4.3.4 Diphthongs
        4.3.5 Nasal diphthongs
    4.4 Prominence
        4.4.1 Disyllabic nouns
        4.4.2 Trisyllabic nouns
    4.5 Syllable structure
    4.6 Recorded passage
    4.7 Orthographic version
    4.8 Transliterated version
    4.9 Summary
ChapterⅤ Introduction to Saraiki Phonology
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 The segmental phonology of the Saraiki language
        5.2.1 Consonants
        5.2.2 Vowels in Saraikii
        5.2.3 Diphthongs
    5.3 Suprasegmental Phonology of the Saraiki languagc
        5.3.1 Syllable structure
        5.3.2 Phonotactic constraints on syllable clusters
        5.3.3 Word boundaries in Saraiki
    5.4 Phonological rules in Saraiki
        5.4.1 Nasalization
        5.4.2 Metathesis
        5.4.3 Palatalization
    5.5 Saraiki Loanword Phonology
        5.5.1 Deletion/Shortening
        5.5.2 Wortition/Substitution
        5.5.3 Lenition
    5.6 Morphological description of Saraiki
        5.6.1 Reduplication
    5.7 Summary
ChapterⅥ Saraiki word stress
    6.1 Introduction
    6.2 Syllable structure and the status of moras in Saraiki
    6.3 OT analysis of Saraiki Stress
        6.3.1 Compound words and stress
        6.3.2 Stress in derived words
        6.3.3 Sentence Stress
    6.4 Summary
ChapterⅦ Laryngeal Metathesis in Saraiki
    7.1 Introduction
    7.2 Metathesis in Saraiki
        7.2.1 Laryngeal metathesis
        7.2.2 Formal speech and OT
    7.3 Summary
ChapterⅧ Reduplication
    8.1 Introduction
    8.2 Reduplication in Saraiki
        8.2.1 Full reduplication in Saraiki
        8.2.2 Fixed segment reduplication in Saraiki
    8.3 Summary
ChapterⅨ Conclusion
    9.1 Summary
    9.2 Limitations
    9.3 Future research areas
References
Appendix 1



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