从认知负荷模式看口译中短时记忆的策略

发布时间：2023-02-18 09:19

　　口译员是源语讲话者与译入语听众之间的一座桥梁,短时记忆力亦是口译中连接源语和译入语的一条纽带。因此,良好的短时记忆力是译员得以施展其口译技能的前提条件。 口译过程中,短时记忆至关重要。Phelan (2001:4-5)在谈论口译员应具备的资质时说：“口译员需要良好的短时记忆能力来储存他或她所听到的信息……”。在口译的记忆阶段,口译员需要良好的短时记忆能力编码和储存源语信息；在口译的表达阶段,如果没有良好的记忆力,口译员也不能提取储存的信息,并将其解码到译入语。 短时记忆是本文研究的议题。根据吉尔的“认知负荷模式”,短时记忆是口译中一个必不可少的组成部分,口译的过程包括：将源语信息编码,储存信息,提取信息和信息解码到译入语。本文指出口译员在口译的编码阶段和解码阶段,都要利用短时记忆能力,并且本文研究短时记忆的理论视角是吉尔的“认知负荷模式”。 概括地说,首先本文从口译概况入手,从吉尔的“认知负荷模式”的视角,阐释了短时记忆在口译中的地位；并从短时记忆本身的特点和口译的工作环境两个方面,分析了口译中影响短时记忆质量的因素；然后提出口译中提高短时记忆的策略,包括长期的短时记忆训练的方法,通过...

【文章页数】：88 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
Introduction
Chapter 1 General Overview of Interpreting
    1.1 Definition of Interpreting
    1.2 Categories of Interpreting
    1.3 Characteristics of Interpreting
Chapter 2 Daniel Gile's Effort Models and Interpretation Efforts
    2.1 A Brief Introduction to Gile's Effort Models
        2.1.1 The Effort Model of Simultaneous Interpreting
        2.1.2 The Effort Model of Consecutive Interpreting
        2.1.3 The Effort Model of Comprehension
    2.2 Three Basic Interpretation Efforts
        2.2.1 The Listening and Analysis Effort
        2.2.2 The Production Effort
        2.2.3 The Memory Effort
Chapter 3 The Status of Short-term Memory in Interpreting
    3.1 An Overview on Short-term Memory
        3.1.1 Definition of Short-term Memory
        3.1.2 The major characteristics of short-term memory
    3.2 The Relationship between Short-term Memory and Interpreting
        3.2.1 The Status of Short-term Memory in Consecutive Interpreting
        3.2.2 The Status of Short-term Memory in Simultaneous Interpreting
Chapter 4 Factors of Affecting Short-term Memory in Interpreting
    4.1 The Limitations of Short-term Memory
        4.1.1 Limited Capacity
        4.1.2 Rapid Loss of Information
        4.1.3 Temporal Organization
        4.1.4 Surface-based information
    4.2 The Influence of Interpreting Context on Short-term Memory
        4.2.1 Attention Distraction
        4.2.2 Flexibility of Information
        4.2.3 Mental Pressure
        4.2.4 Forgetting
Chapter 5 Strategies of Improving Short-term Memory inInterpreting
    5.1 Long-term Strategies of Improving Short-term Memory: Gile's Effort Models Perspective
        5.1.1 Application of Memory Effort
            5.1.1.1 Retelling Exercises
            5.1.1.2 Visualization Exercises
            5.1.1.3 Shadowing Exercises
        5.1.2 Application of Comprehension Effort
            5.1.2.1 Encyclopedic Knowledge
            5.1.2.2 Strong Bilingual Basic Skills
    5.2 Strategies of Improving Short-term Memory during Preparation before Interpretation:Gile's Effort Models Perspective
        5.2.1 Application of Memory Effort
            5.2.1.1 Scanning Reading the Draft
            5.2.1.2 Preparation for Specialized Vocabulary
    5.3 Strategies of Improving Short-term Memory in Onsite Interpreting:Gile's Effort Models Perspective
        5.3.1 Application of Comprehension Effort
            5.3.1.1 Proper Allocation of Attention
            5.3.1.2 Activating Relevant Long-term Memory
            5.3.1.3 Pressure Release
        5.3.2 Application of Note-taking Effort
            5.3.2.1 Features of Note-taking
            5.3.2.2 Contents of Note-taking
            5.3.2.3 Rules of Note-taking
Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography
Acknowledgements



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