影像的力量：20世纪以来好莱坞电影与美国价值观的塑造和传播

发布时间：2018-01-19 09:54

本文关键词： 美国价值观好莱坞电影塑造传播软实力　出处：《吉林大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：美国价值观的塑造和传播与好莱坞电影关系密切。好莱坞电影集商业和文化两种属性于一身,它不仅参与了美国价值观的塑造,也参与了美国价值观的传播,是美国软实力的重要组成部分。学界对好莱坞电影与美国价值观的塑造和传播已有一定研究,但目前鲜有对这一课题系统性和整体性的研究。本文以相关史实资料和电影文本为基础,结合历史学、国际关系学的理论和方法,论述20世纪以来好莱坞电影在美国价值观的塑造和传播中的作用,并总结可为中国电影借鉴的经验。论文主要有三大部分:第一部分,绪论。主要指出研究意义,梳理国内外对好莱坞电影与美国价值观研究的相关成果,发现其中有待丰富的研究空间,阐释本文研究思路、方法与结构。第二部分,论文的主体部分,共五章:第一章是好莱坞电影的历史演进。美国历史是好莱坞电影取之不尽、用之不竭的源泉。好莱坞电影从不同侧面、多种角度折射着美国的社会、历史与文化并展现着其时代关注。当今,新媒体蓬勃发展、文化产业融合成长,好莱坞电影进入新的发展时期。新媒体对于电影业如同一把“双刃剑”,加之其单向输出的特点,好莱坞电影面临着新挑战。第二章剖析了好莱坞电影的类型和文化内涵。好莱坞有着丰富的类型片传统,在不同的划分标准下,好莱坞电影的类型也多种多样。现实中,好莱坞不同类型片中所阐释的文化内涵是不同的。在西部片中,我们既可窥见美国社会、文化的变迁,又能感受到其中包含的个人英雄主义等真善美的价值观念。在恐怖片、惊悚片和动作片等类型片中,常涉及暴力、性和享乐等潜在的负面元素,这对社会,尤其是青少年造成不良影响。第三章阐释好莱坞机制。好莱坞机制是一种兼有多维性和灵活性的独特运作模式。首先,好莱坞电影专业灵活的制作与生产机制历经考验,满足了不同时期影业发展的需求,是好莱坞电影制作和能产性层面的有力保证。经过近百年的发展,好莱坞在全球市场已占据绝对优势地位,正在从美国的好莱坞变成世界的好莱坞。好莱坞在全球化的进程中,其成功策略备受关注。其次,奥斯卡奖寻求商业、艺术和政治间的微妙平衡,好莱坞与美国政府在互动中实现了共赢。由于奥斯卡奖和美国政府的助力,好莱坞实现了其影像的全球性扩张,把美式生活方式和价值观念推销到全球各地。第四章分析好莱坞电影对美国价值观的塑造。美国价值观的形成与美国的历史发展息息相关。它是在多元文化基础上形成的,兼容多民族特征,同时也是深受北美大陆自然人文环境影响的一种价值理念体系。美国梦是好莱坞电影展现的重要主题,镜像中的美国梦彰显了美国人乐观、进取、开拓创新的民族性格,有效建构和表达了各式美国价值观念,并在现实中极具教化影响力。美国电影与价值观是相辅相成,互相构建的关系。美国主流价值观在不同类型的电影中得到了集中体现。第五章探讨好莱坞电影对美国价值观的传播。在美国价值观众多的传播渠道中,好莱坞电影成效卓著,是传播美国价值观的中坚力量。好莱坞利用跨民族、跨国界的题材,吸纳其中优秀素材的养分,然后用其纯熟的制作手法和美式思维来包装电影并将其推向世界;这种“拷贝”策略获得了商业利益和美国文化传播力的双赢。好莱坞电影的全球市场占有率很高,具有强大的影响力和传播力,是美国软实力的重要组成部分。因经济、政治、文化等方面的对立和冲突,好莱坞电影在海外受到或多或少的抵制,但好莱坞电影对美国价值观的传播作用依然是无可替代的。第三部分,结论。主要概括了好莱坞电影塑造和传播美国价值观的成功模式,分析了几点好莱坞电影可为中国电影借鉴的成功之道:1.内容为王:讲述美国成功的故事。2.全球取材,世界共享。3.创新驱动的产业和文化机制。
[Abstract]:The relationship between the shape and spread of American values and Hollywood movies. Hollywood movie set close commercial and cultural two properties in one, it is not only involved in shaping American values, is also involved in the spread of American values, is an important part of American soft power. Some scholars on the study of Hollywood movies and the United States the values of the shape and spread, but there are few on this subject in a systematic and holistic research. This paper is based on the relevant historical facts and movie texts combining history, theories and methods of international relations, shaping and dissemination of Hollywood movies in the United States since twentieth Century this value in the role, and can be summed up reference for Chinese film experience. The thesis consists of three parts: the first part, introduction. Mainly points out the research significance, summarizes the research on the Hollywood movies and American values of the relevant The results found to be studied, the abundant space, explain research ideas, methods and structure. The second part, the main part of the paper consists of five chapters: the first chapter is the historical evolution of Hollywood movies. Hollywood movie history of America is inexhaustible, inexhaustible source. Hollywood movies from different aspects, different angles reflects American society the history and culture, and show their concern. In today's era, the rapid development of new media, the growth of the integration of cultural industries, the Hollywood film entered a new period of development. The new media for the film industry as a "double-edged sword", combined with the characteristics of the one-way output, Hollywood is facing new challenges. The second chapter analyzes the Hollywood movie the types and cultural connotation. The Hollywood has a rich tradition in the genre, different standards, types of Hollywood movies are also diverse. In reality, Hollywood The interpretation of different types of film culture connotation is different. In the western, we can see the social, cultural changes, and can feel the personal heroism which contains the beauty of values. In horror, thriller and action movies and other types of film, often involving violence. And enjoy the negative elements of potential, the society, especially the adverse impact of teenagers. The third chapter explains the mechanism of Hollywood. Hollywood is a unique mode of operation mechanism with multi dimension and flexibility. First of all, the Hollywood film making and professional flexible production mechanism after the test, the pictures in different periods of demand. Is a powerful guarantee for Hollywood film production and productivity level. After nearly 100 years of development, the Hollywood in the global market has occupied the absolute dominant position, is becoming the world's Hollywood from Hollywood in the United States Wu Hollywood. In the process of globalization, the successful strategy of concern. Secondly, the Oscar prize for business, the delicate balance between art and politics, Hollywood and the U.S. government to achieve a win-win situation in the interaction. Because of the Oscar prize and the American government's help, the Hollywood to achieve a global expansion of its image, and the American way of life the value of ideas to the world. The fourth chapter analyzes the shape of Hollywood movies to American values. The formation of American values of historical development and the United States are closely related. It is formed in the multicultural basis, compatible with many national characteristics, a kind of value system is also influenced by the North American continent, natural and cultural environment. The American dream Hollywood is an important theme of the film to show, in the mirror of the American dream shows Americans optimistic, enterprising, pioneering and innovative national character, effective construction and expression of the All kinds of American values, and very influential. In reality enlightenment of American movies and values are complementary and mutual relations. The mainstream American values in different types of film has been embodied. The fifth chapter discusses the spread of Hollywood movies to American values in the United States. The value of the audience communication channels in Hollywood the film is the backbone of outstanding achievements, spreading American values. The Hollywood by cross national, cross border theme, absorb the excellent nutrient material, and then use the skilled production methods and American thinking to package film and bringing it to the world; this win-win "copy" strategy to obtain commercial interests and the spread of American culture the Hollywood film force. The global market share is very high, has a strong influence and spread of power, is an important part of American soft power. Because of the economic, political and cultural Confrontation and conflict and so on, Hollywood films are more or less against overseas, but the spread effect of Hollywood movies to American values is still irreplaceable. The third part mainly summarizes the conclusion. The Hollywood movie creation and spread American values for the successful model, analyzed the success of several Hollywood films can be used as reference China film: 1.: content is king tells the story of America.2. global material world share.3. innovation driven industrial and cultural mechanism.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：J905;G171.2

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