新中国前三十年上海轻工业艺术设计工作机制研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 08:42

  本文关键词： 新中国 上海 艺术设计 工作机制　出处：《上海大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在中国设计史的研究中,学术界对新中国成立初期艺术设计研究的关注甚少,对新中国前三十年(1949-1978)上海艺术设计的研究则更显不足,这一段历史几乎成为上海乃至中国设计史写作中的空白。新中国前三十年(1949-1978),由于社会主义改造与计划经济体制实行,加之意识形态的骤变使原本与市场经济具有密切关联的艺术设计受到极大抑制。然而上海轻工业艺术设计工作在这一段时期并未消解,反而体现出一种不同于历史上任何一个阶段的独特发展面貌。新中国前三十年上海轻工业艺术设计从业群体保持了基本稳定的规模,这支具有较高水平的轻工业艺术设计队伍在新中国成立初期为新政权的稳定、社会改造、物质与文化生活的丰富发挥了积极的作用。上海轻工业艺术设计从业群体因城市环境、历史背景、工作要求等方面的因素普遍具有多面手特色,这为上海轻工业艺术设计工作机制特征在这一时期的形成奠定了基础。上海轻工业艺术设计人才培养与队伍建设则在这三十年中处于一个波折不断的时期,然而面对社会对轻工业艺术设计人才得强烈需求,上海在缺乏专业高等美术院校的情况下,通过各种方式培养轻工业艺术设计人员,在没有一个强有力的院校与学术权威的环境下,形成了一种由多方面开展,更为自由、灵活的轻工业艺术设计人才培养与工作模式。新中国前三十年上海轻工业艺术设计的服务对象包括群众性活动与政治宣传、对外贸易、日用品生产等方面,且后两者所占据的比重超过前者,轻工业艺术设计在这一时期并未像其他艺术门类一般深陷政治化的语境中。轻工业艺术设计所遵循的原则在这一时期多为国家意志的体现,但上海轻工业艺术设计仍旧在总的原则下尽可能地追求“海派”艺术设计的传统与面貌。新中国前三十年上海轻工业艺术设计的领导与管理体制最初因分散与重复化的管理造成人力的浪费,轻工业艺术设计工作陷入较为僵化的境地,后在轻工业艺术设计体系自我纠正下,转变为更集中与专业化的领导体制,合理运用资源开展工作,继而重新回归更高效、可行的管理方式。新中国前三十年上海轻工业艺术设计工作在任务分配、队伍建设、人员管理、工作评价等具体工作环节的支撑下,建立起了一套有效的工作机制,并形成这一机制基本的运转形态,具有稳定的良性发展、外向型的影响力、在新时代下形成的“自我”面貌与发展动力等工作机制特征。新中国前三十年上海轻工业艺术设计工作机制通过技术化、规模化、国家化等特征在与工业化生产相结合、与时代社会生态联系更紧密、与更广阔的人民群众生活相关联等方面体现出艺术设计的“现代性”,延续了“海派”艺术设计的传统与风格。
[Abstract]:In the study of the history of Chinese design, the academic circles pay little attention to the study of art design in the early days of the founding of new China, and the study of Shanghai art design in the first 30 years of the new China (1949-1978) is even more inadequate. This period of history almost became a blank in the writing of the history of design in Shanghai and even in China. The first 30 years of New China, from 1949 to 1978, resulted from the socialist transformation and the implementation of the planned economic system. Coupled with the sudden change of ideology, the art design, which was closely related to the market economy, was greatly suppressed. However, the art design work of Shanghai light industry has not been dispelled in this period. On the contrary, it reflects a unique development outlook that is different from any stage in history. In the first 30 years of the new China, the Shanghai light industry art design profession group maintained the basic stable scale. This high level of light industry art design team in the early days of the founding of New China for the stability of the new regime, social transformation. The enrichment of material and cultural life has played a positive role. Shanghai light industry art and design professional group due to the urban environment, historical background, work requirements and other factors generally have a multi-faceted characteristics. This has laid a foundation for the formation of the working mechanism of Shanghai light industry art design in this period, and Shanghai light industry art design talent training and team building is in a period of continuous twists and turns in the past three decades. However, in the face of the strong demand of the society for light industry art design personnel, Shanghai in the absence of professional art colleges and universities, through a variety of ways to train light industry art designers. In the absence of a strong college and academic authority of the environment, formed a multi-faceted, more liberal. Flexible light industry art design talent training and working mode. The service objects of Shanghai light industry art design in the first 30 years of new China include mass activities and political propaganda, foreign trade, commodity production and so on. And the latter two occupy more proportion than the former. Light industry art design in this period is not like other art categories in the context of politicization. Light industry art design followed the principles in this period for the embodiment of the will of the country. However, the art design of Shanghai light industry still pursues "Shanghai School" as far as possible under the general principle. The tradition and appearance of art design. The leadership and management system of Shanghai light industry art design in the first 30 years of New China was initially wasted by the decentralized and repeated management. Light industry art design work into a more rigid situation, after the light industry art design system self-correction, into a more centralized and professional leadership system, reasonable use of resources to carry out the work. Then return to a more efficient and feasible management mode. The first 30 years of Shanghai light industry art design work in the task allocation, team building, personnel management, job evaluation and other specific work links support. Has established a set of effective working mechanism, and forms this mechanism basic movement form, has the stable benign development, the extroversion influence. The features of working mechanism such as "self" appearance and development power formed in the new era. The work mechanism of Shanghai light industry art design in the first 30 years of new China has been transformed into technology and scale. Nationalization and other characteristics reflect the "modernity" of art design in the aspects of combining with industrial production, more closely related to the social ecology of the times, and related to the broader life of the masses of the people. It continues the tradition and style of art design of Shanghai School.
【学位授予单位】：上海大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：J509.2
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本文编号：1465195