1836-1917年俄国铁路修建及其影响

发布时间：2018-05-04 16:06

  本文选题：1836—1917年 + 俄国　； 参考：《吉林大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：俄国铁路修建始于19世纪30年代,19世纪下半期俄国铁路建设规模迅速扩大。俄国政府通过大规模引进外资、建立承租体系、成立铁路建设基金、发行国内债券、政府参股大型铁路公司等措施,直接或间接支持私有铁路企业,致使俄国于19世纪60年代中期至70年代中期和90年代掀起两次铁路修建热潮。此外,俄国政府通过加强对私有铁路企业的监管力度、统一运价、收购亏损私有铁路企业,出资在边远地区修建重要战略和经济铁路、加强国有铁路管理等措施,强化国家铁路领导权。20世纪初俄国铁路网覆盖全国大部分地区,铁路长度跃居世界第二位。在俄国铁路发展进程中资金、技术、人员都至关重要,外资在俄国铁路修建中作用巨大。铁路修建,促进商品流通、加快全国统一市场的形成,对俄国工业,尤其是冶金业、运输机器制造业、燃料工业崛起可谓居功甚伟。
[Abstract]:The Russian railway construction began in the 1930s and the second half of the 19th century. The Russian government directly or indirectly supported private railway enterprises by introducing foreign capital on a large scale, establishing a leasing system, setting up railway construction funds, issuing domestic bonds, and the government taking part in large railway companies. In the mid-1960 s-70 s and 90 s, Russia started two railway construction upsurge. In addition, the Russian government has strengthened supervision over private railway enterprises, unified freight rates, acquired loss-making private railway enterprises, financed the construction of important strategic and economic railways in remote areas, and strengthened the management of state-owned railways. Strengthening the National Railway leadership. In the early 20th century, the Russian railway network covered most of the country, and the length of the railway jumped to the second place in the world. In the process of Russian railway development, capital, technology and personnel are of great importance, and foreign investment plays an important role in the construction of Russian railway. The construction of railways, the promotion of commodity circulation, and the formation of a unified national market contributed greatly to the rise of Russian industry, especially the metallurgical industry, transportation machinery manufacturing and fuel industry.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K512.4
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本文编号：1843657